Putting fences on the borders between the United States and Mexico and between the United States and Canada to limit travel into the U. S. would be costly enough to warrant a careful analysis of the objectives and an unflinching look at the probable outcomes of the efforts. Most of the expenses come in four phases: design, construction, maintenance and surveillance. These costs would all be borne by taxpayers.
The design of the barriers involves coordinated research and planning by several consulting, engineering and construction firms.