Pro: Castration incapacitates the rapist: it eliminates the impulse to engage in this criminal behavior.
Con: Castration does not incapacitate a rapist. The removal of testicles causes the changing of secondary sex characteristics, such as facial hair and the modification of vocal cords. But castration does not induce impotence: the penis remains functional. Laws that prescribe castration for a rapist would be ineffective.
Pro: Castration is an important symbolic action that governments can take to discourage rape.
Con: Castration would be a cruel and unusual punishment.